The Direct Invoice Route
Many Cork-based developers start by sending an invoice directly from their Irish sole trader or limited company. The client wires US dollars, and the freelancer’s bank converts to EUR. In practice, accounts-payable teams often hesitate at non-US vendors. International wires bring intermediary fees and opaque exchange-rate margins. Clients may need IRS Form W-8BEN, which not every small business is ready to handle. When both sides are familiar with cross-border payments, this route works; otherwise frictions add up. For the freelancer, two currency conversions and possible reception fees shrink the amount. Tracing a lost SWIFT transfer can take days. The hassle may be justified for large projects but strains regular small engagements.
Freelance Platforms as Intermediaries
Platforms like Upwork or Toptal handle invoicing and payments for a percentage of each transaction. They offer escrow and dispute resolution, helpful with new clients. The cost can be steep: platform fees often start at 20 % and decrease only after significant billing. The client must agree to the platform’s terms. For a freelancer with an existing direct relationship, inserting a platform purely for billing feels like an expensive workaround. Yet for those who want the intermediary’s protection and are building a client base, the trade-off can be worthwhile.
Setting Up a US Company or Bank Account
Some Cork freelancers open a US LLC or a US business bank account via services like Wise. A US LLC issues domestic-looking invoices and receives ACH payments. The drawback is paperwork: annual filings, a registered agent, and potentially US tax returns even if no tax is owed. A US bank account without an LLC is simpler but may not satisfy all clients. This path suits those with high US billings who can manage ongoing compliance. For occasional projects, the setup effort outweighs the benefit.
Merchant of Record: A Fourth Option
PANORAMA SYSTEMS FLORIDA LLC acts as merchant of record. The client gets an invoice from a Florida company, pays domestically, and PANORAMA SYSTEMS forwards the funds to the freelancer minus a fee. The freelancer chooses settlement in EUR, USDT, or via Wise/SWIFT. There is no employer relationship and no tax advice—the freelancer remains independent and responsible for Irish taxes. For a Cork professional who wants a US billing address without incorporating abroad or paying platform fees, this model removes the client’s cross-border hesitation.
